Difference between revisions of "Nouns"
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each-abl ability-pr his, each-dat need-pr his. | each-abl ability-pr his, each-dat need-pr his. | ||
From each, according to his ability, to each, according to his need. | From each, according to his ability, to each, according to his need. | ||
| + | |||
| + | =Sequence of cases= | ||
| + | Normal sentences are constructed in the pattern of | ||
| + | (voc) (nom) VERB (acc) (loc) (dat) (gen) (abl) (comi) (prol) | ||
| + | |||
| + | =Ablative= | ||
| + | ==come verbs== | ||
| + | I came here from Chasia | ||
| + | *Wanudri echo Chasiensecon. | ||
| + | *come-1pspret here-abl Chasia-prol | ||
| + | |||
| + | or | ||
| + | *Wanudri Chasiae echo. | ||
| + | *come-1pspret Chasia-gen here-abl | ||
| + | but | ||
| + | |||
| + | I came here from Chasia via Eltame | ||
| + | |||
| + | *Wanudri Chasiae echo Eltamensecon. | ||
| + | *come-1pspret Chasia-gen here-abl Eltame-prol | ||
| + | |||
| + | He covered the knife with a cloth. | ||
| + | *wrongfully cover-3pspret knife-abl-def cloth-comi | ||
| + | |||
| + | We mistakenly prefixed his name with Mrs. instead of Mr. | ||
| + | *mistakenly prefix-we his name-abl missus-comi vice mister-comi | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==go verbs== | ||
| + | I went to Shedzaria from here via Goshen | ||
| + | *Dudri Shedzariaz echo Goshenensecon. | ||
| + | *go-1pspret Shezdaria-dat here-abl Goshen-prol | ||
| + | |||
| + | He sheathed the sword with its scabbard. | ||
| + | *sheath-3pspret sword-dat-def it-comi scabbard-gen | ||
| + | |||
| + | We mistakenly prepended Mrs. instead of Mr. to his name. | ||
| + | *mistakenly prepend-we his name-dat missus-comi vice mister-comi | ||
| + | |||
| + | Logic: | ||
| + | *I TOOK a trip FROM Chasia, but I GAVE myself a trip TO Shedzaria. | ||
| + | *He TOOK his view away FROM the knife through covering it, but he GAVE away his view TO the sword through sheathing it. | ||
| + | *We TOOK the missus away FROM the name by moving the missus before the name, but we GAVE away the missus TO the name by placing it before the name. | ||
| + | --This one is much harder to fathom. Suffice it to say that verbs of attachment are come verbs, and verbs of hanging are go verbs. | ||
Latest revision as of 14:18, 8 April 2010
Okay, so here's the deal.
There are seven different terminals for Chezian nouns: AE, O, E, Y, A, U, and a consonant. Nouns decline (that is, have case) in Chezian, like they do in German, or Latin. In fact, the cases are the same as they are in Latin:
- Nominative [N] — The subject of a sentence, this is the raw dictionary form whose terminal dictates its terminal category.
- Accusative [A] — The direct object of a sentence, that which is directed acted upon by the main verb
- Dative [D] — This is the indirect object of a sentence, but specifically may only answer to whom or for whom (or what) the action of the sentence took place.
- Genitive [G] — This is sometimes used to signal a possesor of a following noun (like the "'s" clitic in English). See also [-orka].
- Ablative [B] — Unlike Latin, this is used with prepositions concerning movement away for "go"-paradigm verbs, and movement towards for "come"-paradigm verbs.
- Locative [L] — This is a noun telling "where", but implies no movement.
- Vocative [V] — This marks a noun being addressed (e.g., Fred in "Fred, when are you going to write something?")
Contents
examples
AE |
tamrodae dog |
tamrodaef the dog | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Nominative | tamrodae | –ae | tamrodate | –ate | tamrodaef | –aef | tamrodatef | –atef |
| Accusative | tamrodaec | –aec | tamrodatec | –atec | tamrodaex | –aex | tamrodatex | –atex |
| Dative | tamrodaez | –aez | tamrodatez | –atez | tamrodaer | –aer | tamrodater | –ater |
| Genitive | tamrodae | –ae | tamrodate | –ate | tamrodem | –em | tamrodatem | –atem |
| Ablative | tamroda | –a | tamrodatie | –atie | tamrodas | –as | tamrodaties | –aties |
| Locative | tamrode | –e | tamrodate | –ate | tamroded | –ed | tamrodated | –ated |
| Vocative | tamrodir | –ir | tamrodatir | –atir | tamrodir | –ir | tamrodatir | –atir |
A |
zarma river |
zarmaf the river | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Nominative | zarma | –a | zarmate | –ate | zarmaf | –aef | zarmatef | –atef |
| Accusative | zarmaec | –aec | zarmatec | –atec | zarmaex | –aex | zarmatex | –atex |
| Dative | zarmaez | –aez | zarmatez | –atez | zarmaer | –aer | zarmater | –ater |
| Genitive | zarmae | –ae | zarmate | –ate | zarmaem | –aem | zarmatem | –atem |
| Ablative | zarmo | –o | zarmatie | –atie | zarmos | –os | zarmaties | –aties |
| Locative | zarmae | –ae | zarmate | –ate | zarmaed | –aed | zarmated | –ated |
| Vocative | zarmir | –ir | zarmatir | –atir | zarmir | –ir | zarmatir | –atir |
O |
fembo human, mankind |
fembaf the human | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Nominative | fembo | –o | e fembo | –o | fembaf | –af | e fembaf | –af |
| Accusative | fembac | –ac | e fembac | –ac | fembax | –ax | e fembax | –ax |
| Dative | fembaz | –az | e fembaz | –az | fembor | –or | e fembor | –or |
| Genitive | fembae | –ae | e fembae | –ae | fembam | –am | e fembam | –am |
| Ablative | fembio | –io | e fembio | –io | fembios | –ios | e fembios | –ios |
| Locative | fembe | –e | e fembe | –e | fembed | –ed | e fembed | –ed |
| Vocative | fembir | –ir | e fembir | –ir | fembir | –ir | e fembir | –ir |
E |
zume fingernail, claw |
zumef the fingernail, the claw | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Nominative | zume | –e | zumete | –ete | zumef | –ef | zumetef | –ef |
| Accusative | zumec | –ec | zumetec | –etec | zumex | –ex | zumetex | –etex |
| Dative | zumez | –ez | zumetez | –etez | zumer | –er | zumeter | –eter |
| Genitive | zumae | –ae | zumetae | –etae | zumem | –em | zumetem | –etem |
| Ablative | zumie | –ie | zumetie | –etie | zumies | –ies | zumeties | –eties |
| Locative | zume | –e | zumete | –ete | zumed | –ed | zumeted | –eted |
| Vocative | zumir | –ir | zumetir | –etir | zumir | –ir | zumetir | –etir |
U |
ziru guardian, head of household |
ziruf the guardian | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Nominative | ziru | –u | e ziru | –u | ziruf | –uf | e ziruf | –uf |
| Accusative | ziruc | –uc | e ziruc | –uc | zirux | –ux | e zirux | –ux |
| Dative | ziruz | –uz | e ziruz | –uz | zirur | –ur | e zirur | –ur |
| Genitive | zirae | –ae | e zirae | –ae | zirum | –um | e zirum | –um |
| Ablative | ziriu | –iu | e ziriu | –iu | zirius | –ius | e zirius | –ius |
| Locative | ziru | –u | e ziru | –u | zirud | –ud | e zirud | –ud |
| Vocative | zirir | –ir | e zirir | –ir | zirir | –ir | e zirir | –ir |
C |
alsafifel deputy |
alsafifelef the deputy | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Nominative | alsafifel | — | alsafifelate | –ate | alsafifelef | –ef | alsafifelatef | –ef |
| Accusative | alsafifelec | –ec | alsafifelatec | –atec | alsafifelex | –ex | alsafifelatex | –atex |
| Dative | alsafifelez | –ez | alsafifelatez | –atez | alsafifeler | –er | alsafifelater | –ater |
| Genitive | alsafifelae | –ae | alsafifelatae | –atae | alsafifelem | –em | alsafifelatem | –atem |
| Ablative | alsafifelio | –io | alsafifelatio | –atio | alsafifelios | –ios | alsafifelatios | –atios |
| Locative | alsafifel | — | alsafifelate | –ate | alsafifeled | –ed | alsafifelated | –ated |
| Vocative | alsafifel | — | alsafifelatir | –atir | alsafifelir | –ir | alsafifelatir | –atir |
Y |
Eloremsky gl., Daniel | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Nominative | Eloremsky | –y | ed Eloremsky | –y |
| Accusative | Eloremsky | –y | ed Eloremsky | –y |
| Dative | Eloremskiy | –iy | ed Eloremskiy | –iy |
| Genitive | Eloremskie | –ie | ed Eloremskie | –ie |
| Ablative | Eloremsky | –y | ed Eloremsky | –y |
| Locative | Eloremsky | –y | ed Eloremsky | –y |
| Vocative | Eloremskir | –ir | ed Eloremskir | –ir |
half-cases
What's a half-case? Half-cases (some chezian word) or clitics, are suffixed to the nominative form of a noun, and do not themselves agree in terminal declension or number.
- possessive (-orka) ["'s"]
- comitative (-volo) ["with", manner]
- prolative (-ensecon) ["by way of", "according to", "per", "pursuant"]
Ricazio adoensecon fae, ricazez kedensecon fae.
each-abl ability-pr his, each-dat need-pr his.
From each, according to his ability, to each, according to his need.
Sequence of cases
Normal sentences are constructed in the pattern of (voc) (nom) VERB (acc) (loc) (dat) (gen) (abl) (comi) (prol)
Ablative
come verbs
I came here from Chasia
- Wanudri echo Chasiensecon.
- come-1pspret here-abl Chasia-prol
or
- Wanudri Chasiae echo.
- come-1pspret Chasia-gen here-abl
but
I came here from Chasia via Eltame
- Wanudri Chasiae echo Eltamensecon.
- come-1pspret Chasia-gen here-abl Eltame-prol
He covered the knife with a cloth.
- wrongfully cover-3pspret knife-abl-def cloth-comi
We mistakenly prefixed his name with Mrs. instead of Mr.
- mistakenly prefix-we his name-abl missus-comi vice mister-comi
go verbs
I went to Shedzaria from here via Goshen
- Dudri Shedzariaz echo Goshenensecon.
- go-1pspret Shezdaria-dat here-abl Goshen-prol
He sheathed the sword with its scabbard.
- sheath-3pspret sword-dat-def it-comi scabbard-gen
We mistakenly prepended Mrs. instead of Mr. to his name.
- mistakenly prepend-we his name-dat missus-comi vice mister-comi
Logic:
- I TOOK a trip FROM Chasia, but I GAVE myself a trip TO Shedzaria.
- He TOOK his view away FROM the knife through covering it, but he GAVE away his view TO the sword through sheathing it.
- We TOOK the missus away FROM the name by moving the missus before the name, but we GAVE away the missus TO the name by placing it before the name.
--This one is much harder to fathom. Suffice it to say that verbs of attachment are come verbs, and verbs of hanging are go verbs.
